Fiscal Policy in the Philippines

The Philippines 2013 Budget is the national government’s outline of consumptions and wellsprings of financing for the current year. It illuminates the expenses of government’s plans and tasks for the whole financial year. More than that, in any case, made by an administration that solidly accepts that its sole object is to serve its actual supervisors the Filipino individuals this financial plan is the exemplification of our people’s aggregate expectations and wants. As indicated by the current president Benigno Aquino III, as we push ahead along the straight and honorable way, they have ceaselessly planted and supported the seeds of change with the yearly Budgets sanctioned under this current Administration. They have organized the people’s most earnest needs so as to really and proficiently address destitution and imbalance. They proposed P2. 006-trillion National Budget for 2013 which 10. 5 percent higher than this year’s financial plan of P1. 816 trillion. This Budget seeks after strengthening by making more open doors for open interest in administration. It puts essentially in the people’s abilities by organizing subsidizing for open administrations that give employments, instruct our childhood, guarantee a more advantageous populace, and engage every Filipino to take an interest in monetary action. To guarantee the quick satisfaction of our Social Contract, the organization has received strategy measures to enable national offices to quicken their culmination of need program targets. They need to use our assets in a way that is quicker and increasingly productive, with the goal that we can achieve our basic projects and tasks early. They have assigned the Department of Public Works and Highways (DPWH) as the chief foundation office. This implies they will assume responsibility for the convenient usage of basic framework ventures, including streets and extensions, study halls, provincial wellbeing offices, ranch to-showcase streets, spans for agrarian change networks and the travel industry get to streets, just as different activities recognized in the all-inclusive strategies of divisions entrusted with the essential arrangement of these foundations: the Departments of Education (DepEd), Health (DoH), Agriculture (DA), Agrarian Reform (DAR) and Tourism (DoT). Our proposed Budget for 2013 develops our exhibition planning and execution the executives framework. At the present time, our presentation the board framework in government is unsuitably divided. It has created a lot of turmoil among offices, and has had them unnecessarily consenting to excess prerequisites. At the very least, it has permitted a demeanor of responsibility shirking in certain open organizations. The cure this issue the president gave Administrative Order No. 25 â€Å"Creating an Inter-Agency Task Force on the Harmonization of National Government Performance Monitoring, Information and Reporting Systems. † This Task Force drove by the DBM and the Office of the Executive Secretary will smooth out and disentangle all current checking and revealing prerequisites and procedures into a solitary Results-Based Performance Management System (RBPMS). This will involve the advancement of a Common Set Performance Scorecard just as a Government Executive Information System. As to introduce organization, this Budget is structured as a device we can use to ingrain the best expectations of honesty and responsibility in government. It looks to reinforce our endeavors in modifying the people’s trust in open organizations through more prominent straightforwardness, responsibility, and resident investment in government.

Nurturing the Childrens Spirituality in the Learning Process Essay

Sustaining the Childrens Spirituality in the Learning Process - Essay Example In such a manner they can keep up sympathetic and balance learning procedure to make them star dynamic in school exercises. Through this, they are required to appreciate social union and concordance inside and outside of the school. De Souza (2004) attested that Values Education and Clarification have been considered by the state as huge to be incorporated into the educational plan to show students virtues as a motivational instrument in characterizing their great connection with the remainder of mankind and creation. Since the 1960s, virtues are a noteworthy bundle in the development of the learners’ full of feeling areas to coordinate their enthusiastic, attitudinal, values and beliefs’ developments (De Souza, 2004). Specialists accepted that qualities and good are subsidiaries of peoples’ emotive sense and, in this manner, are not seen as important in their intellectual being (De Souza, 2004). Thus, it’s this polarity of human presence that made it befuddling and hard to show up at a typical comprehension of estimations of instruction (De Souza, 2004). It’s in this setting specialists managed the dualism of instructive way of thinking: language and practice (De Souza, 2004). They received an instructive example for intellectual turn of events and for values training to build up a standard conduct and knowledge of students and to support that feeling of duty among people dependent on excellence and qualities (De Souza, 2004; Lambert, 2003, Noddings, 2010). A few analysts saw this has been considered as a compelling apparatus since authentic encounters demonstrated that the coordination of qualities in improving learners’ scholarly interests made individuals flexible in the midst of downturn, clashes, and social changes and during wars (Cacioppe and Edwards, 2005; Glendinning, 2005; Gross, 2004).

Behavioral Activation Treatment for PTSD

Behavioral Activation Treatment for PTSD Researchers published findings showing behavioral activation treatment for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) can help. More specifically, they found that  a 16-week individual treatment for PTSD focused on increasing positive and meaningful events in a persons life can successfully reduce PTSD symptoms among veterans with PTSD. Behavioral Activation As the name implies, behavioral activation is behavioral treatment. It focuses on changing behaviors to address problems people might be experiencing. Behavioral activation was originally developed to treat depression. Its based on the theory that people with depression are less likely to come into contact with positive or rewarding aspects of their environment. For example, a person with depression might feel so bad that they decide not to get out of bed one day. However, by staying in bed, the depressed person does not have potentially rewarding contact with friends and family, making the depression linger or worsen. How Behavioral Activation Works In behavioral activation, the main goals are to increase activity levels (and prevent avoidance behaviors) and help the patient take part in positive and rewarding activities that can improve mood. The patient and therapist come up with a list of activities that the patient values and finds rewarding, such as reconnecting with friends or exercising. The therapist and patient also look at any obstacles that might get in the way of completing these goals. Each week the patient is asked to set goals for how many activities he or she wants to complete outside of the session. Throughout the week, the patient then tracks his progress in achieving these goals. How Behavioral Activation Works Behavioral Activation for PTSD Individuals with PTSD may avoid things that remind them of their traumatic event, leading them to withdraw from others and also not allowing them to learn that they can cope with their anxiety. Researchers thought that behavioral activation may be useful in reducing this avoidance among people with PTSD, reducing PTSD symptoms, and improving their quality of life. The Studys Findings Researchers provided 11 veterans with PTSD 16 weeks of individual behavioral activation therapy. The veterans worked with the therapists to identify current avoidance behaviors, as well as rewarding and positive goals and activities that they would like to pursue. The veterans tracked their progress in completing these goals and activities throughout the treatment. The researchers looked at differences in the veterans PTSD symptoms, depression, and quality of life from the beginning to the end of treatment. By the end of the 16 weeks, they found that: More than half of the veterans showed a reduction in PTSD symptoms.Four veterans had their depression reduce.Four veterans reported that their quality of life had improved. Although this study was small, the findings were promising and show that behavioral activation may be a useful way to treat PTSD, especially in regard to its avoidance symptoms.   Reducing Avoidance in PTSD

The Evolutionary Arms Race - Natural Selection

Species, in order to evolve, must accumulate adaptations that are favorable for the environment in which they live. These preferred traits are what make an individual more fit and able to live long enough to reproduce. Since ​natural selection chooses these favorable characteristics, they get passed down to the next generation. Other individuals that do not exhibit those traits die out and, eventually, their genes are no longer available in the gene pool. As these species evolve, other species that are in close symbiotic relationships with those species must also evolve. This is called co-evolution and it is often compared to an evolutionary form of an arms race. As one species evolves, the other species it interacts with must also evolve or they may go extinct. Symmetrical Arms Race In the case of a symmetrical arms race in evolution, the co-evolving species are changing in the same way. Usually, a symmetrical arms race is a result of competition over a resource in an area that is limited. For example, the roots of some plants will grow deeper than others to obtain water. As the water level goes down, only the plants with the longer roots will survive. Plants with shorter roots will be forced to adapt by growing longer roots, or they will die. The competing plants will keep evolving longer and longer roots, trying to outperform each other and get the water. Asymmetrical Arms Race As the name implies, an asymmetrical arms race will result in the species to adapt in different ways. This type of evolutionary arms race still results in the co-evolution of the species. Most asymmetrical arms races come from a predator-prey relationship of some sort. For instance, in the predator-prey relationship of lions and zebras, the result is an asymmetrical arms race. The zebras become faster and stronger to escape the lions. That means the lions need to become stealthier and better hunters in order to keep eating zebras. The two species are not evolving the same types of traits, but if one evolves, it creates the need in the other species to also evolve in order to survive. Evolutionary Arms Races and Disease Humans are not immune to the evolutionary arms race. In fact, the human species is accumulating adaptations constantly to fight disease. The host-parasite relationship is a good example of an evolutionary arms race that can include humans. As parasites invade the human body, the human immune system will kick in to try to eliminate the parasite. Therefore, the parasite must have a good defense mechanism to be able to stay in the human without being killed off or expelled. As the parasite adapts and evolves, the human immune system must adapt and evolve as well. Similarly, the phenomenon of antibiotic resistance in bacteria is also a type of evolutionary arms race. Doctors often prescribe antibiotics for patients that have a bacterial infection in hopes that the antibiotics will stimulate the immune system and kill off the disease-causing pathogen. Over time and repeated uses of antibiotics, only bacteria that have evolved to be immune to the antibiotics will survive and the antibiotics will no longer be effective in killing off the bacteria. At that point, another treatment will be necessary and force the human to either co-evolve to fight off the stronger bacteria, or find a new cure to which the bacteria are not immune. This is the reason why it is important for doctors not to overprescribe antibiotics every time a patient is sick.

Unit 1 Qcf Level 3 Essay - 9585 Words

Unit 1: Understand Child and Young Person Development Unit code: CYP Core 3.1 Unit reference number: L/601/1693 QCF level: 3 Credit value: 4 1.1 Explain the sequence and rate of each aspect of development from birth – 19 years The sequence of development of a child and young person is divided into five different aspects. They include: Physical, social, communication, intellectual and cognitive, emotional and behavioural and moral development. Since every child develops at a different rate compared to one another, this is a rough guide to a child’s development and gives general information mainly about the sequence of development. Physical development: The physical aspect mainly consists of the development of the motor†¦show more content†¦Health professionals are more involved in the assessment of the child’s development, these include health visitors, GP and specialist nurses. Some young people use wheelchairs and splints to aid their mobility. Intellectual/cognitive development 0-3 years: New born babies start by off by just turning their heads towards soft light. By the age of three months the baby is able to follow moving objects and respond to bright colours and bold images. At six months the baby will start reaching for objects, watching them fall and put things in their mouths to explore. Around the first birthday it can use the hands skilfully and move around, including dropping things on the floor and looking to see where they are. (This is called object permanence, where the child will be aware of an object/person even if it is out of direct visible sight.) It will also be able to recognize familiar people at longer distance (6 meters). Between the age of one and two children enjoy hide and seek games and it will find partially hidden objects. It is able to build towers of cubes when shown, turn pages of books, look at correct picture when the image is named and point to parts of the body, match colours and shapes, do jigsaw puzzles and concentrate for longer. 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Consumer Trust Free Essays

Project report on: Consumer Trust – Flipkart Subject: Consumer Behaviour Submitted to: Prof. Neha Gupta Submitted by: Ami Vora Roll No: 58 Class: PGDM – Communications FLIPKART  is an Indian  e-commerce  company founded by Sachin Bansal and Binny Bansal in 2007, both alumni of the Indian Institute of Technology Delhi. Initially funded by the Bansals themselves with  Rs. We will write a custom essay sample on Consumer Trust or any similar topic only for you Order Now 400,000, Flipkart has since then raised funding from venture capital funds  Accel India  in 2009  and Tiger Global (US$10 million in 2010 and  US$20 million in June 2011). Today, as per Alexa traffic rankings, Flipkart is among the top 20 Indian Web sites and has been credited with being India’s largest online bookseller  with over 11 million titles on offer. The cash-on-delivery model adopted by Flipkart has proven to be of great significance since the credit card and net banking penetration is very low in India. Even its 30 days replacement offer is something which acts as its USP. FACTORS THAT LEAD TO THE SUCCESS OF FLIPKART * Customer Service: Provide good customer support with quick turn around time for client queries. Provide replacement of product in case a customer receives a defective product. * User Interface: Easy to use, easy to browse through the products, add products to wishlist or to a cart, get product reviews and opinions, pre-order products, make payments using different methods. * Cash/Card On Delivery: Demonstrated more confidence in buying products. Flipkart sells 20 products/min and have with more than 60% of the Flipkart’s customers use Cash on Delivery and card on delivery methods. This is because of two reasons, one is many people do not know how to make payments online. And secondly people do not have immense trust in e-commerce in India. * Customer Retention: Has around 15 lakh individual customers and more than 70% customers are repeat customers i. e. they shop various times each year. The company targets to have a customer base of 1 crore by 2015. * Local Presence: Tie ups with local vendors and courier firms (thereby reducing transportation and storage costs. Owns warehouse in major cities. CONSUMER TRUST For ensuring success, securing trust in your company is essential. Trust is as important to a potential customer’s purchasing decision as the products you offer him. And an essential element of building that trust, with both customers and partners, is the assurance that your e-commerce operation meets the demanding security standards required of organizations handling sensitive financial information. Building a consumer Trust for Flipkart can take place in the following facets: * Setting up a Storefront which generates a sense of dependency among the consumer * Build a commerce friendly Web Host * Securing Information Using SSL * Processing Transactions * On time Delivery * Quality of the products * Efficient staff * Return Policy Following are the various measures taken my Flipkart to build and ensure consumer trust. 1. Merchandise site safety and security A safe and secure Web site is the most crucial element to building online trust. Flipkart convey that customers can trust them with their personal information and their purchases. Promote the basic security of your site and reinforce that message with a buying process that emphasizes safety and ease. Flipkart has a â€Å"Worry Free Shopping† environment. It clearly states shipping, return and privacy policies as well as security and product guarantees. Customers are most sensitive to trust and security issues as they move down the path to purchase. 2. A professional site speaks volumes’ Flipkart has invested wisely in professionalism of their site. This includes : user-friendly design and content updates that are accurate and regular, paying attention to load time, avoiding site down time at all costs, updating content often, avoiding typos and broken links. 3. Showcase the Trustworthiness of Your Brand The trustworthiness is also defined by highlighting its distinctive qualities and physical presence. They do this by expliciting brand-value statement, reinforce that brand-value statement by creating a tag line that customers, over time, will easily associate, and provide easily accessible customer service phone numbers. 4. Outside Voices Boost Credibility There is often no better way to build trust in your brand than to allow others to endorse it. Flipkart has a section for reviews for the product and services from trusted sources which act invaluable. 5. Comprehensive Product Content Enhances Trust You will find comprehensive product content and details of a particular product once u chose any item. This gives an insight of the minute, technical, and other details of the product before purchase. 6. What You See Is What You Get Flipkart provides image zoom functionality; provide thumbnail images to the shopping cart, etc. to ensure that What You See Is What You Get. 7. Building Quality Service One of the most important aspect is also to create trust among the consumers about the quality of the product. Flipkart provides information such as sizes, product availability (in stock), e-mail confirmation, post purchase services, customer service, etc. . Secure Payment options Flipkart promptly provides various options for the payment of the desired products. This is done by Cash on delivery, Credit card and debit card purchase, Net banking, etc. One striking features is also their EMI option with a very minimal amount of overhead. This attracts the consumers and develops a string sense of trust among the consumers as payment is the most sensitive part of the entire consumer buying proc ess. 9. Returns and Guarantee Flipkart’s USP is the 30 day returns guarantee process. Though conditions apply to these, but to almost all the products they refund the entire amount of the money paid if the consumer returns the purchased product due to any reason. Below is a graph denoting monthly traffic to Flipkart and it shows an increasing trend for most of the years. Customer trust in a company can play a significant role in determining the customer’s actions regarding that company. Customer trust (a belief) influences customer intentions. Empirical Research has shown that trust increases customer intention to purchase a product from a company as well as customer intention to return to a company. The following image shows the flow on process for Flipkart online shopping. RESULTS OF BUILDING CONSUMER TRUST The most important parameter for measuring the results of the efforts for creating consumer trust is the revenue generated. In about 7 years, Flipkart generated 12  billion (US$220  million) (FY  2011–12). Flipkart even has a market share of 20-25% in the Indian online market. Last year, it even acquired Let’s Buy and thus increased their market share. The graph shown above also speaks for itself that the number of visitors have been increasing day by day thus ensuring better sales and profitability. ROLE OF ADVERTISING IN BUILDING CONSUMER TRUST Flipkart. com  is one such online portal that is synonymous with trust worthy online shopping. Flipkart used various innovative ads where they show kids playing the roles of an adult (with real adult dubbed voices) in a day to day situation to reach their audiences. This creates a sense of trust among the consumers as kids convey truthfulness. This particular advertisement where three generations are portrayed to present the customers’ skepticism in online shopping hits just the right chords to market  Flipkart. com  and assure customers of its excellent services. This advertisement focuses on the major concern of the customers i. e. guarantee and how can one make an assessment from an online image. With the witty use of our old custom of arranged marriages where brides got betrothed by simply looking at the photographs of their husbands, this advertisement mixes a perfect marketing solution, wrapped up in good humour. By presenting three generations together in an ad,  Flipkart. com  once again makes it clear that online shopping is devoid of age barriers and  Flipkart. com  is targeted to everyone irrespective of age or gender. CONCLUSION Flipkart is one of the leading players in the online shopping sector in India. It targets all the older generation’s trust towards  Flipkart. com  by making the high-tech younger generation doubtful, and boosting the older generation’s ego by making them make an online purchase in the tech-savvy world. The tag line â€Å"shopping ka naya address†, â€Å"the new address for shopping†, does open doors or rather browsers to online shopping. By various and continuous efforts Flipkart has, no doubt, succeeded at a great level to create consumer trust and its impact is visible and measurable through the results. THANK YOU !! How to cite Consumer Trust, Essay examples

Election Campaign Financing Essay Research Paper Chris free essay sample

Election Campaign Financing Essay, Research Paper Chris AlibaruhoBA 243 Topic Report When researching for this paper, I found that the general consensus showedthat particular involvement funding is a turning influence on the results of elections inrespect to election run funding. As you will see I have identified the problemsand so proceed to discourse possible reforms with usage of a? pro and con? method. The first of the chief jobs in the issue of run funding are theindependent outgos. Harmonizing to the Federal Election Committee ( FEC ) , anindependent outgo is? an outgo of money for communications expresslyadvocating the election or licking of a clearly identified federal campaigner which is notmade with the cooperation or consent of, or at the petition or suggestion of, anycandidate or any of his or her agents or authorized commissions. ? In other words, they are political outgos or outgos often made to payfor telecasting and wireless advertizements, imperativeness conferences, political mass meetings byindividuals, groups, or parties seeking to advance a specific message about issues orcandidates during an election season. These outgos have the possible to affectthe result of the race because they imply which campaigner is the best withoutdirectly stating electors which candidate to take. Although they are independentbecause they are produced without confer withing the campaigner or his run, peoplecriticize them for holding the same negative impact as direct parts. This is whyindependent outgos can be seen as a job. The 2nd country that needs to be tackled in the issue of run funding issoft money. Besides referred to as? nonfederal financess? or? sewer money? , soft moneyrefers to run money raised and/or exhausted outside the restrictions and prohibitionsof the Federal Election Campaign Act ( FECA ) . Harmonizing to the FEC, soft moneyoften includes corporate and exchequer financess every bit good as single parts inexcess of federal bounds. These can non be lawfully used in connexion with federalelections ( elections for the US Senate, US House of Representatives, presidential term andvice presidentia l term. ) The first premise of today? s run finance Torahs is thatpeople, non organisations, are vulnerable to the potentially caustic influence ofpolitical money. The 2nd premise is that province and local political parties andtheir grass roots activities are valuable characteristics of our civil civilization that the federalgovernment should non interfere with. This explains why most federal election lawsdo non cover parts that support province and local? nonfederal? parties. Private money is raised by national parties to back up province party organizationsand does non profit specific people running for federal offices. Therefore, it is neitheruncommon or illegal for parties to raise every bit much as $ 1,000,000 from persons andorganizations, some of which are banned from lending straight to candidates.This is one of the many loopholes found in run funding. For illustration, thefederal authorities is permitted merely to modulate the manner in which campaigns forfederal offices a re financed. It is left up to the single provinces and municipalities todetermine how runs for the province legislative assembly, governor, and local populace officesare to be financed and how province and local political parties are to be regulated. Here isthe loophole ; national political parties can set up? nonfederal histories? to supportstate and local political activities. These histories are non regulated by federalcampaign finance Torahs because technically they have nil to make with federalelections. Many soft money critics point out that campaigners, subscribers and otherspecial involvements can technically obey the? missive of the jurisprudence? , but by utilizing soft moneyto get around the part and disbursement bounds, they violate the? spirit? of thesame jurisprudence. The last of the issues I shall be covering with in my essay are the issues ofout-of-district distributions and out-of-state distributions. An out-of-state orout-of-district distribution is one of those f ootings that tries to capture a batch ofinformation in as few words as possible therefore excluding the of import inside informations aboutthe whole construct. After some research, it became evident that out-of-districtcontributions refer to money donated to the House of Representatives and PAC? sresiding outside the territory in which the campaigner is running. There are 435 Housedistricts in the United States, hence an out-of-district part refers to anycontribution made to a House campaigner by a pe rson living in any of the other 434districts. An out-of-state contribution refers to money donated to a candidate for theUnited States Senate by individuals and PAC?s residing outside the state in which thecandidate is running. Of course there are 50 states so an out-of-state contribution isany contribution to a senatorial candidate by a person living in any of the other 49states. After looking at the above points, I realized there are many ways of reformingcampaign financing to correct what some people may see as problems in the system.When looking at independent expenditures, critics object to the growing use of thismethod to influence political campaigns. It is seen as just one more way for specialinterests and rich citizens to get around direct contribution limits. So as not to runafoul of the supreme court rulings concerning political speech, proposals to changethe current system of independent expenditures have generally focused on offsettingthe benefits that independent expe nditures bestow on candidates rather than outlawthese benefits altogether. With this in mind, I believe one way of reformingexpenditures would be to allow increases in a candidate?s spending depending on hisor her opponent?s expenditures. For example, if a candidate has agreed to voluntaryspending limits and his opponent has benefited from expenditures, the candidatewould be allowed to increase his or her spending by the amount of expenditures.However, like in many situations, there are pros and cons. One con to this is that anyattempt to limit expenditures directly may be ruled unconstitutional by the SupremeCourt. Also independent expenditures provide opportunities for a wide range ofgroups to support the interests of their members. A reform on independentexpenditures would affect the ability of these groups to participate. One last con oflimiting expenditures is that it strengthens the major parties thus making it harder foroutsiders to challenge them. One of the pros of reformin g the laws concerning expenditure is that all limitscan be enforced and regulated by existing institutions and authorities. Also, limitingexpenditures would reduce the power of special interests who try to influenceelections outside the current regulations on contributions to candidates. Reformingexpenditures would reduce the overall amount of money flowing into campaigns,making it easier for citizens to run for office without having to be somewhat rich. Many argue that regulating soft money is the solution to the problems incampaign financing. The loophole has allowed contributors, candidates, and politicalparties to take advantage of inconsistencies between federal campaign finance lawsand state campaign finance laws to give and spend a lot more campaign money thanfederal laws permit. ?So called soft money is exploding. The parties raise soft moneyin huge quantities, supposedly to strengthen the party machinery but it is regularlychanneled to individual candidates. ?Issue advertis ements? are the latest dodge. Theads display images of the candidates but avoid using words like ?vote for? or ?elect?-thus avoiding limits on party spending for candidates.?- Kenneth Wheaten,Washington Post.Critics say that soft money has the practical effect of helping cash-strapped federalcandidates even though such money is supposed to be used only for ?non-federal?party activities. Private interest groups will continue to enjoy privileged access tolawmakers, as well as special influence with them, unless soft money contributors areprohibited. In my opinion, the best way to honor the intentions of federal campaignlaws is to subject soft money to the same regulations as other federal campaigncontributors and expenses. However, soft money contributions are used to fundthings like voter education programs and registration drives, which encourages theparticipation of citizens. Regulating soft money would have a negative impact on this. When looking at the pros of reforming soft mone y, it can be seen that softmoney contributions make a mockery of federal election laws designed to control theinfluence of wealthy individuals and groups. Soft money provides a way forpresidential candidates to get around the voluntary spending limit that they agree to inorder to qualify for partial public financing of their campaigns, thus making somewhatof a dishonest presidential candidate. I think its best that curbs be made on softmoney because as long as it is allowed, political parties and candidates will continueto concentrate on the concerns of big money contributors rather than on issues thatconcern the general public.**